編譯／蘇琨峰 圖文／UNStudio
位於荷蘭格羅寧根（Groningen）的教育執行和税務大樓（EEA + Tax Office），為建築事務所UNStudio為當地政府所設計符合永續性之綠建築辦公大樓，而其流線性大樓造型設計亦為該事務所強項之一。UNstudio聯合創辦人兼建築總監Ben van Berkel表示，大樓設計上數項有關於材料減化、減能及永續工作環境上的創新，代表的是良好的整合、智慧性與永續性的設計方法。
92公尺高的教育執行和税務大樓有著波浪狀曲線外型，取代掉傳統上政府辦公大樓外觀的硬線條，創造出一種更友善與未來導向的設計感。為了創造出大樓獨特的外觀，建築團隊特別在能產生遮蔽陰影、風向控制、光線滲透性的功能下設計出鰭狀元素的大樓外表，這些水平排列的鰭狀元素同時也能有效阻隔外部熱氣，以減少室內空調的使用量。
教育執行和税務大樓可容納2,500個工作坊、1,500台腳踏車及675台汽車的地下停車場，周圍並環繞著有著池塘的大型公共城市花園以及一座多功能的展示館。Ben van Berkel表示團隊注重人群如何在大樓裡移動的路線，設計出能夠欣賞四周景觀的循環式走道，而非一般死巷式的通道。
為了降低大樓對周遭景觀的影響，特地將每層樓由原先3.6公尺降至3.3公尺，使得大樓整體高度少了7.5公尺。在通風的考量上，於11層樓處設計了高壓通風系統、經由通風井而產生的自然風以及外觀的格柵設計以減少人工式通風系統的設置。
更有趣的設計理念是大樓在電梯的位置、樓梯及技術空間已經過特別的考量，為的就是能讓大樓不需在變動主結構的情形下轉換為住宅使用；而傳統辦公區的柵欄寬度也由1.8公尺改為1.2公尺。大樓可說在強烈的美學設計及有效的綠能概念下，成為荷蘭當地最具環保理念的建築之一。
【延伸閱讀】
UNstudio 事務所
http://www.unstudio.com/
更多建築旅遊資訊，請上【建築行腳】專輯
http://www.xinmedia.com/n/featurestory_list.aspx?collectionid=111
更多國外建築脈動請上【國際脈動】
http://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/news/International
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Profile
蘇琨峰／Andre
一隻喜愛新事物也對舊事物固執的牡羊。台北工專土木工程科、雲林科技大學營建工程結構組畢業，工作後決定離職前往澳洲再度充實自己並一圓留學夢，畢業於墨爾本大學經濟與商業研究所，主修商業與資訊管理。喜歡看建築、旅行探索、研究攝影、愛打網球、沉溺爵士樂當了爵士樂團薩克斯風手。目前為《欣建築／國際脈動》編譯、文字記者、辦理欣建築相關活動及國際領隊。
EEA + Tax Office ／UNstudio
In recent years, UNStudio – which has been internationally recognized for its approach to developing dynamic forms – has also grown to focus on sustainability with the intent to decrease C02
emissions. With this in mind, the firm, with consortium DUO², has realized one of the most sustainable large office buildings in Europe for two governmental offices, the Education Executive Agency
and the Tax Offices. “The design contains numerous new innovations related to the reduction of materials, lower energy costs and more sustainable working environments. It presents a fully
integrated, intelligent design approach towards sustainability,” explained Ben van Berkel.
Measuring 92 meters tall, the Groningen tower is outfitted with soft, undulating curves as a way to replace the traditional stoic and commanding presence of institutional buildings with a more
“friendly and more future-orientated” approach. In addition to creating a new personality for the exterior, the façade also integrates shading, wind control, and daylight penetration
with its fin-shaped elements. These horizontal fins keep a large amount of the heat outside the building, reducing the requirement for cooling.
Functionally, the building accommodates 2,500 workstations, parking facilities for 1,500 bicycles and 675 cars in an underground garage, while being surrounded by a large public city garden with
pond and a multifunctional pavilion with commercial functions. ”We paid a great deal of attention to how people would move through the building. The office spaces are designed in such a way
that they do not create simple linear corridors leading to dead ends, but instead each corridor has a route which introduces a kind of landscape into the building. You can take endless walks
through the building, where there is a great deal of transparency, also towards the surrounding landscape,” stated Ben van Berkel.
By lowering the floor heights [3.3 m rather than 3.6 m], the impact of the building is reduced by 7.5 meters, lessening the impact of the building on the surroundings. On the 11th floor, a
high pressure ventilation system with natural air inflow and outflow via main engineering shafts and the facade grills reduces the need for artificial ventilation. In addition, a concrete
core activation and underground long term energy storage reduces the demand for external energy sources. In the future, it is intended for the residual energy of the data center and
offices to be used to heat the homes that will be realized on the perimeter of the site.
An interesting idea to note it that the building is designed so that it can be transformed into housing without major structural modifications. Therefore, the locations of elevators, stairs and
technical spaces have been carefully considered, and a structural grid of 1.20 m. has been deployed, rather than the conventional office grid of 1.80 m.
The design carries with it a strong opinion of aesthetics in addition to a diverse sampling of passive and active environmental and energy efficient solutions, leading it to be one of the most
sustainable office buildings in the Netherlands.
【More Information】
UNstudio
http://www.unstudio.com/
More architecture tour information, here you go【Architecture Footprint】
http://www.xinmedia.com/n/featurestory_list.aspx?collectionid=111
More architecture works abroad, here you go 【International】
http://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/news/International
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Profile
Andre
A male Aries, loves learning new things and being nostalgic to old things. Academic background: Bachelor of Construction Engineering Department at National YunTech University, Taiwan and Diploma of
Graduate School of Business and Economics at University of Melbourne. With character of a little introvert, addicting to architecture, photography, tennis, Jazz music and saxophone and being the
translator of Xin Architecture/ International, reporter, holder of activities and international tour leader.
